Looking for bridegroom

Many Indian person when look for bridegrooms, they prefer a girl to be homely, quite, modest religious, traditional and many extras which are mostly not suitable to the modern world. Still many males prefer girls who are well frogs.

I believe they must look for girls who must be independent, good leadership qualities, knowlegeable and able to make right decisions. I am not telling being religious and traditioanl means not modern. They must possess sufficient knowledge of religion and tradition and not merely follow the religion blindly.

Wells frogs will only bring up well frog children, so the males should look for girls who are with the qualities of the above to be a good mother and wife. Then only things can go on even during the absence of the husband.

Malaysia is a beautiful country. No natural disaster. The worst is possibly a few months of dry weather. Cut in water supply.

Of late government is little liberal with 1Malaysia concept. For the first time in thelast 25 years I ever heard a principle of a secondary school telling Malay students that they should know the culture of others. One race should not do what others do not like. Pay due respect to the feelings of others.

The principle also told that the Non-Malays should respect the Malays.

Scholarships where awarded on mirits.

New Economic Model should be welcomed by all Malaysian.

Meditation and Mathematics

Meditation is an ancient art of mind concentration. Meditation often encouraged by sages in Hindu and Buddha religion.

Many persons involved with meditation often say, practicing meditation often improves concentration of mind which improves thinking ability without which the mind often thinks of other thinks which are no suppose to think at that time.

Some educationists do encourage students to practice meditation to enhance the students’ concentration ability.

I believe meditation is just thinking of something like just looking at a light in a dark room. Don’t see, don’t think any thing else, but only the light.

I believe such practice shuts down the brain. No thinking at all.

To improve concentration of mind, improving thinking skill and planning students should encourage practicing mathematics. Practicing Mathematics should be in the format of 5-3- 1. That is 5 easy questions, 3 medium questions and 1 difficult question.

By practicing in such format the students will not be bored as 8 out nine he/she gets the right answers. The one question he/she thinks.

Mathematics questions can be from any topics. Practice it about 2 hours a day then she the student improving.

As mathematics is not like other subjects. Other subjects memorizing is needed. In Mathematics thinking is needed. Analytical thinking is inculcated in the living of the child which will be beneficial to the child in the future.

One can notice most children who are good at mathematics will have a better future.

SOCSO

I bought a book in a book titled “Social Changes In India” by Kuppusamy in a second hand book shop while I was a undergraduate student.

In the book there was article about fishermen in Kerala India, whereby the government trained fishermen to use new technology in fishing by which they can increase their catch subsequently their income.

However, it did not work. The fishermen were happy with their daily catch and return home earlier once they got their catch similar to before resulting no increase in their income by more leisure time.

I do see the same trend even now where economic competition has increased, cost of living sky rocketed, some wants has become necessaries and so on.

I had observed many wives who receive SOCSO compensations after the death of their husband or for some other reasons, do not go to any work or find an extra income. They solely depend on the SOCSO compensations. My check with the department showed it is not a condition that the wife should not work if she gets the compensation.

These ladies earn sympathy from public by telling they are widows. They ask whatever opportunities available to get extra money just by telling their sad stories. They self impose poverty.

If the ladies determined to work and find an extra income plus the husband SOCSO compensation they can alleviate poverty, increase the investment on the human resource development of their children. They can have a happy family and live respectfully.

Indians and Patents

Recently I was reading an article on patent rights. I was surprised to note that curry was patented in Japan.

Curry is a Tamil word. Curry leaves were used by the South Indians for aroma purposes. It also has some medicinal values. Whether curry is patented in India or not, I do not know, neither the article mentioned about it.

There are several other products to which Indians were the founders but not patented in their own country.

Yogurt and sour milk are two dairy products were often mentioned by doctors for good health to which Indians were the founders. Dutch lady and Nestle are the largest producers. Both are non Indian companies. There are also many small companies in several part of the world manufacturing these products but I had not seen any Indian companies.

Apart from these dairy products there are also many others products to which Indians were founders but now manufactured and sold to Indians but I had not seen any products found by others and manufactured by Indians and sold to others.


May be Indians are not enterprising as others and level of application of knowledge for business purposes are limited among Indians. If we continue to be as what we are I see no change in life style for Indians others will continue to gain profit from us.

Extreme future

In the extreme future, nano-IT-bio and nuero technology going to dominate the world in the next two to three decades.

Not only the electronics will be taken over by nano but several other industries will also be dominated by the nanotechnology including textiles. This technology is still not popular in Malaysia. No students I have met ever have the ambition to learn this technology as they do not know the prospects of reading this. The employability is also very limited as Malaysian companies do not have high technology.

However students should have the knowledge of prospects of this advance technology, if not teachers must provide them with sufficient knowledge as to create interest to learn this techonology. Students should learn advance techonology in advance as they should prepare themselves for the future. In a competitive environment we should have skills others do not have in order to earn economic rent.

As with bio and neuro, men wants live long. A long healthy life to which bio-neuro play an important role. Men now live longer than any time in history as modern medical science developed in the last 150 years ago. Before that men had an average life of 18 years only. Alexander lived only 32 years and Socrates live until 35 years only. So were Buddha and many others.

Now living until 70 years old is a norm. Now with the developments of medical science(Bio- Neuro) it is possible children born in the last decade of last century can live until the first decade of the next century.

Genetic engineering which is also related with the same field as this will develop further and enable men to have night vision, sharp vision etc. Stem cell development will enable cloning of organs possible. Artificial human blood will be discovered within next decade. To make all these developments possible, there is a need for massive need of high level human resource development to which intelligent students need to prepare themselvs and contribute toward the same.

IT, is one field many think it is saturared now. Highly skilled IT personels there is still huge demand. Robotic science development is accelerating. Medical surgeries are done by robots. Factory automations( Industrial robots) are also need IT personels. So IT with nano will an excellent field in the future.

UPSR 7As and 5As.

In the mid December the standard six students placements in secondary schools were made known. Some 7As students of SKT/C were not offered to enrol in the primier schools but students SK even with 4As and 1B were offered place in these institutions. Reason: offers were based on co-curriculum for students of SKT/C but SK automatic offers.



How the co-curiculum marks were calculated. Answer- condidential.



The successful students (5As) of SK are separated and put in special classess called RKA( Rancangan Khas, special programme ) and the sub standard students (4As and 1B) were put together with the 7As students of SKT/C students.



Reason : The schools needs to concentrate on the SK students so as to ensure that they produce better results in PMR. SKT/C students : don't bother.



To any visitors from education departments or elsewhere were shown the RKA classes.



This practice gives an impression that the SK schools are superior to SKT/C school students.

This is in line with the government policy of " memperkasa sekolah kebangsaan".



Parents of SKT/C however should not give up hope. This is just a government gimmicks. The teachers teaching the RKA classes do not have extra teaching skills. The parents of these classes too depend heavily on private tuition classes which is a norm now for better results.



With all these dicriminations the enrolments to SKT/C s keep on rising. No sign of the standard of education being dropping. BRAVO PARENTS.

Malaysian Literature and translations

There are many noble prizes winning for literature writings, which very interesting, informative, world view and high standard of catholicity of the scholarship. As many Malaysians can read in English that is the only languages leads us to read internationally renowned writings however many Malaysians English language competency is in the declining trend.

It is a great unfortunate that these internationally renowned writings are not translated to any of the indigenous languages of Malaysia. Malaysian writer let it be Malays, Chinese, Indians and even East Malaysians write in their own languages, with their own and/or their readers back ground. We do not even translate our very own literature from one language to another with in our own country.

Quality of Malay writings can be enhanced with wider circulations, at the same time internationalize our writers views. I am yet to see writings in Malay translated to other languages. May be no effort being made or our writers do not meet the required quality.

We should translate Malay stories, novels and other quality writings to Chinese, Tamil or to languages in East Malaysia and vice versa. Then the Malay language will grow to greater horizon. More non Malays will understand Malay way of life. These translated versions of Malay writings can make to appear in mass medias, in the Chinese speaking countries and in India. Later effort can be made to translate to other Asia and European languages.

We need to come out of coconut shells, have to compete internationally in this world, which is made smaller by knowledge and technology.

We should be very proud if any Malaysian wins a noble prize. Let him/her be a Malay, Chinese, Indian, East Malaysians or others. It is sad to say as some local newspapers writes, when a Malay wins anything, it is a Malay win and not Malaysian win, which irritates other loyal Malaysians.

Amartya Sen writings

Of late I read two books written by Nobel prize winner Dr. Amartya Sen.
I was amazed by his command of language . My English is not good but anyway when I compared him to other western writers whose mother tongue is English, Amarya is far too good.

Every line in his books is a fact. The summary of his books are the books itselves. In his writings, he never condenm anybody. Praise for all. Unites everybody. Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhist and others.

He is an Indian from Bengal, now residing inUSA.

In the book "Argumentative Indians", a book that every Indian should read as he writen about past glories of India and Indians. India was the cradle of knowledge. Chinese, Arabs and many others came to India to equire knowledge.

In the book, " Identity and Violence", he wrote about Hindus and Muslims in India living together harmoniously. India with second largest muslim population in the world and with as many muslim scholars as the rest of the muslim world put together, Indian muslims had earn a respect as they do not indulge themselves, in any terrorism internationally.

In the book Identity and Violence he had written about civilisation confinement, globalisation, anti west and culture and captivity. This book really widens ones knowledge as well able to admire his command of English.

These books are really worth reading by every one.

Science and Mathematics in English

UPSR results were released recently (2008). The Tamil schools had done extremely well. An increase of 22 per cent in straight As.

Credit to the increase goes to the teachers and the parents. There was one school were extra classes were conducted in the afternoon and at night. All week ends and public holidays there were extra classes. The teachers received no extra monies from parent. There were no rests to the students. Parents have no time to teach their own children not because they were busy but all the time was taken by teachers. The students straight go to bed once they were at home due to their tiredness.

Malaysian government had done a good job by allowing science and mathematics to be taught in English. English language gives a world view. Knowledge can be accumulated by reading in English before it can be translated to students' mother tongue language as no discoveries have ever pineored in any of Malaysian languages. By learning in English we are not any way becoming less Malaysian or less of our own ethnicity.

USA,whether we like her or not, she is still the cradle of many discoveries. Their discoveries are written in English. If our students in Malaysia able to understand the discoveries at early stage then we will have an advantage over others.

There was several science v scholars. By the time we learn the discoveries several other inventions taking place. The lag time can be reduced by we learning the both subjects in English without waiting for translations.

As for Tamil schools there were not many exercise books available for both the subjects in Tamil because of the smaller market. This problem has been overcome by the change of language. Now they have more exercise books. Better command of English. There was one school I went; I noticed all students in the class were communicating in English Language without jeopardizing their command of the Tamil Language. Their commands of Malay Language were excellent. The students' command of English were better then their teachers.

Science and Mathematics if continuously used to teach in English, Tamil schools will be the most to benefit and more middle class Indians will send their children to Tamil schools.

Poverty and the poor.

In Malaysia the poverty level was very high in the 1950s till 1970s. The poor hardly met their income with the needs. In the house holds of the poor, they had pillows and mat made of straws to sleep, some utensils to cook and little cloth.

Male children would go to school and the female would go but stop schooling early to help their parent.

School uniform was limited and the numbers of buttons in shirt do not match with holes with which the buttons are fixed. The differences were met with hooks.

Students had nothing to spend in school canteen.

That was the scenario in the whole country but even with such situations there were several successful people who had climbed the social hierarchy. Their parents had managed well the little they earned and had the mantle strength to withstand the poverty and send their children to further education.

Now the poverty looks different. It is often said that the poor is getting poorer and the rich is getting richer. This is the relative term. The poor now is richer then the poor of thirty years ago. Now the poor have television, motorcycle, hand phone etc. but they would look for aid, for the purpose of children education. It looks like the can effort all necessities and some luxury goods but only could not spend for children education. The state should take care of their education expenditure.

Poor of this kind are not poor by income but poor to enrich their knowledge. They will spend for entertainment, extravagance expenditure during festivals and on many others, but children education never being in their list.

It is their attitudes towards their children education make them poor. No investment is better thanon education. If the poor realizes this the next generation will never be poor.

The other parameters for education are :
Concern toward their children education. For concern one need to be rich. Even a poor can be concern.
Discipline of family. Do not mix with those who are not in similar wavelength of thought.
Fund management of the family even though it is small.

And many more which varies with situation.

INDIA that many INDIANS do not know

INDIA FACTS : The official Sanskrit name for India is Bharat.INDIA has been called Bharat even in Satya yuga ( Golden Age ).

The name `India' is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan' combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.

The number system was invented by India. Aryabhatta was the scientist who invented the digit zero.Sanskrit is considered as the mother of all higher languages. This is because it is the most precise, and therefore suitable language for computer software. ( a report in Forbes magazine, July 1987 ).

Chess was invented in India. Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies which originated in India.The' place value system' and the 'decimal system' were developed in 100 BC in India.The first six Mogul Emperor's of India ruled in an unbroken succession from father to son for two hundred years, from 1526 to 1707.

The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single ' 80-tonne ' piece of granite. Also, this magnificient temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.

India is.......the Largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest country in the world AND one of the most ancient and living civilizations (at least 10, 000 years old).

The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. Later through time, the game underwent several modifications but the meaning is the same i.e good deeds take us to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.

The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after levelling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.India has the most post offices in the world !The largest employer in the world is the Indian railway system, employing over a million people !.

The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.

Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The father of medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Although modern images & descriptions of India often show poverty, India was one of the richest countries till the time of British in the early 17th Century.

The art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh 6000 over years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'. Aryabattha rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. His calculations was - Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: ( 5th century ) 365.258756484 days. The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician.

Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, which was long before the European mathematicians. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus also orignated from India. Quadratic equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 ( i.e 10 to the power of 53 ) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C. during the Vedic period.

Even today, the largest used number is Tera: 10*12( 10 to the power of 12 ). Until 1896, India was the only source for diamonds to the world. ( Source . Gemological Institute of America ).

Sushruta is regarded as the father of surgery. Over 2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones and also plastic surgery and brain surgeries. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism, physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts. Did you know ?

India also celebrates the birthday of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, former President and Vice-President and great statesman, as "Teachers' Day". Born on September 5, 1888, at Tiruttani, 40 miles to the north-east of Madras, Radhakrishnan grew to become the most famous Indian teacher and philosopher of all times. In his honour, this day is celebrated as Teacher's Day. He was also the Vice-President of India from 1952-1962. He held the office of the Chancellor, University of Delhi, before taking over as the President of India in May 1962.

"What makes a nation, is the past, what justifies one nation against others is the past", says the noted historian Eric Hobsbawm.Hence, when talking of a nation, it becomes very imperative that the past should also be talked about. And the past of India is as fascinating and interesting as it is momentous.

The Jews

There are 15 million Jews in the world at present of whom 7 million in United States, 5 million in Asia, two million in Europe and 1 million in rest of he world.

They had country of their own for centuries. Many countries they migrated denied them the ownership of land. They did not indulge them selves with agriculture. As they are migratory people the one thing they can carry with them was knowledge. With this policy they eradicated illiteracy centuries ago.

This community have a practice by which when a child is born and attain an age of three, parents will write in Hebrew on material meaning "studying is sweet" and let the child lick that material. They believe, by doing so interest is created for the child to read and learn.

Of the 765 nobel prizes given away todate 176 (23 %)went to Jews community an achievement cannot be contested by any other communities.

Below are some of the famous contributors from this community.

Albert Einstein - Physics
Sigmon fruied - Psychology
Karl Marx - Economic Philosophy
Milton Fruiedman - Economy
Benjamin Rubin - Innoculation
Jonas Chalk - Polio
Kecrude Allion - Medicine
Faruk Pilamberk - Medicine
Paul Arilick - Medicine
Ally mednikoi - Medicine
Bernard Charles - Medicine
Arane Back - Medicine
Gericgeric Bincase - Medicine(Birth Control)
George Watts - Medicine (Eye)
Stanley Cohen - Medicine (Birth Control)
William Cope - Medicine (Kidney)

George Soros - Economy (currency trading)
Walter Annanbege - Philantropist

Stanley Mesor - Micro processor
Leo Sillent - Nuclear science
Peter Scheltz - Fibre Optics
Charles Aller - Road Lights
Ishaddore Kishy - Sound Film
Emlie Berliner - Micro phone
Charles Inspeck - Vedio Recorder

Ralph Lawrence - Polo brand attire
Levis Sirus - Levis jeans

Avert Charles - Starbuck

Serky Berrin - Google
Micheal Dell - Dell Computer

Larry Ellison - Oracle
Berkin Robin - Ice cream

Henry Kissinger - Politics
Joseph Liberman - Politics
Medellin Albright - Politics
Geiber Weinberger - Politics.

Other communities too can be successful as success is the common property of all people who work hard with right attitude.

As examination nears

I have asked many students, “Why are you going to school?” Many would not able to give proper answer immediately. May be the question is too simple that he/she wouldn’t have thought for an answer.

Many students feel that they studying for better future. True. For many, education is the only way they can improve their future earnings and elevate themselves from poverty level which was holding them for generations from advancing. In short investment on education, is the best investment. Good. Knowledgeable society is vital for future survival.

However, many students especially those who are children of parents with only primary and/or secondary education do not have much vision for the future. Vision is achieving what is not visible now but with much hard work achievable in the future.

Many wanted to achieve their vision without much effort. Studying 8 hours a day means something torturous, unimaginable, not at all in the family history.

These students wanted to achieve their ambitions if any, without much effort. They wanted to live in the comfort zone. Success has to find them. They pray hard for miracle to happen to them.

I have attended many motivation courses conducted for students, where age old philosophies were told. Many were pertaining to sages of the past. The philosophies would mention on the relevance of knowledge. They will also mention, the knowledge is not valued if one do not pray to god. No mention of anything about future.

Several information pertaining to the future planning, input of time, increase in the input of time with work load, allocation of time with the importance of subject (time management) will not be mentioned.

Motivators need to emphasize the comfort zone had to be relinquished if one had to enjoy success. . If one had to live comfortably in future, he/she have to move to a uncomfortable zone for at least a short period of time. Need to work hard. Convert time to relevant knowledge for examinations. No communications with anybody. No entertainment at all as examinations nears. Maintain it until the examination is over.

Then only one will able to enjoy the sweetness of success.

Technologies of the future

Man was letting nomadic life for a million years and then changed to settle farming about five thousand years ago along river banks which are called as beginning of civilization. However industrial revolution let by Britain started in eighteenth century.

Industrial revolution is simply mass production with the use of machines. Productions were beyond the out put of normal man. Science knowledge accelerated at accelerating scale. This revolution, not only widen the gap between the rich and the poor but also the knowledge level among communities.

During these new fields of studies like engineering, aeronautical science, automobile engineering emerged.

After the industrial revolution, the computer technology, emerge where storing of information, processing of information and retrieval of information was made easy. Digital technology made calculations more accurate.

At one time, universities only offered computer science, now offering courses on computer of various types like computer hard ware engineering, soft ware development, multi media, graphic etc.

Nanotechnology, robotics science, artificial intelligence, genetics, space technology and medical sciences are still the unexplored fields. They will be the technologies of the future.

Our fore fathers had either missed the industrialization or acquired the knowledge late as with westerners. We should not do the same mistake. Who ever first to acquire a technology the will earn an economic rent until others learn the technology. Why not we to be the first?

Do anyone want our future generation to blame us as what we blame our pass generation for missing industrialization or future historians to blame the present generation for the failure of the future generation.

We should encourage present students to take up sciences of the future. We should be the first to learn any technologies in the region and earn an economic rent.

Technology in the future

During the industrial revolution, the engineering field in general and mechanical engineering in particular developed faster then any other fields. Then there were developments in medicine, naval architecture, aviation, space and nuclear technology.

Now developments in health care industries, progress at rocket speed. Biology combines with physics and called bio-physics, with chemistry bio-chemistry, with medicine bio-medicine, with technology bio-technology.

Now there are more people obese than any other time in history and food reserve than any other time. Seedless fruits bigger in size, dwalf plants bearing fruits earlier than it suppose to be were products of bio-technology.

Genetics engineering (part of bio-technology) and food technology are other fields which also developes at unimaginable speed.

I suggest students should read for these courses for enhance their employability. These courses also provide wider chances for self employment.

The very mistake of many students is that they have the herd mentality. Very few have blue ocean thinking and usually they are successful. I do understand it is not easy to be different.

Indians past glory

Yesterday I read an article on global economic history written by a German, in which I came to know that in the first millenium Indians controlled 30% of world trade. Indians were the best traders. Indians were the largest ship builders until the year 1700 AD.

Indians traded with Japanese in the east and to with Romans in the west which no other countries or communities did at that time. India was the richest country in the world. The kings of India was the richest persons in the world.

Many more superlative were used to discribe India and Indians. The article further said that by the middle of this century India and China again will the super powers of the world.

The above informations were new to Indians. Many Indians do not know their own history and their own potential. There are communities just by convertion of religion claim they to had contributed to science discoveries, but their ancestors not even converted to the religion when the discoveries were made.

The greatness of the Indians can be used to build intelectual confidence among the present generation of Indians.

Indian Calenders and Mathematics

There are six main calenders in the world. They are as from east, Chinese, Indian, Persian, Arab Jews and the Roman which is know as Gregorian. Indian kaliyuga calender is 5108 years old as at 2008 and the calender works perfectly with modern science.

Indian mathematician Varahamira perfected Indian calender as 365.25875 days in a year which is 365.2536 days in a year.

Tamilans celebrate Aadi 18( Aadi peruku) which fells on the 18th day aadi month is a day Kannagi burnt Madurai and on that day, in Cauvery Pum Pattinam, the highest tide of the year will occur.

Every thing works perfectly. So well calculated.

Aryabatha discovered "pi" which India's present to the world. Indians discovered sine formular in trigonometry which led to the discovery of cosine and tangent.

There are lot of contributions by Indians to science and mathematics which the present generation is ignorant.

In order to give intelectual confidence to our students these information must be brought to the knowledge of our Indian students.

Arab learnt the mathematics from Indians and passed the same to the Western world.

China in 2020

Japan was the first Asian nation to defeat an European nation in a war. South Korea paralleled Japan in Economic development in the 1980s. Chinaopened her door after the death of Chairman Moa by Deng.

China's vision is to be Master of Every thing in the world. They are having impressive economic growth for the last 30 years. Their goods have been flooding every country at affordable price.

Their superemacy had displayed in the 2008 Olympics. First Asia country to top the list as most number of gold medals collected in Olympics history.

China's vision is to master of everything, producing goods needed by every culture and religion in the world, mastering every art and sports and best in every thing possible.

Only if there is competition to sing "devaram" in Olympics I won't be suprise China winning a gold medal in that.

We Indians are not serious in doing any thing. Only if every one of us work with a common vision we can be the best. Indians have the intelligence and greater level of sense of survival with which we can be excellent.